Joint replacement, also known as arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or dysfunctional joint is replaced with a prosthetic implant. This procedure is commonly performed on joints such as the hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow to restore function, reduce pain, and improve quality of life for patients suffering from conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or other musculoskeletal disorders. Joint replacement surgery has become increasingly common and successful in recent years, with advancements in implant materials, surgical techniques, and post-operative care leading to improved outcomes and shorter recovery times for patients. Research in this area focuses on developing new and improved prosthetic materials, refining surgical techniques, enhancing patient selection criteria, and optimizing post-operative rehabilitation protocols to further improve the success and longevity of joint replacement surgeries.